Rotenone is a naturally occurring compound renowned for its potent insecticidal and piscicidal properties. Extracted from the roots of various plants, particularly from the Derris and Lonchocarpus species, Rotenone has been widely utilized in agriculture and aquaculture. Its effectiveness in controlling pests makes it a valuable tool for organic farming, allowing growers to manage harmful insects without resorting to synthetic chemicals. Additionally, Rotenone is employed in fisheries to manage fish populations, particularly in the removal of invasive species, thereby supporting biodiversity and ecosystem health.

The compound's unique structure contributes to its effectiveness, as it disrupts cellular respiration in target organisms, leading to their elimination. Researchers and industry professionals appreciate Rotenone not only for its efficacy but also for its relatively low toxicity to mammals, making it a safer alternative to many synthetic pesticides. Its applications extend to laboratory settings, where it is used in studies related to neurodegenerative diseases, providing insights into mitochondrial dysfunction. With its dual role in pest management and scientific research, Rotenone stands out as a versatile compound with significant benefits for both agriculture and environmental conservation.