Hygromycin B from Streptomyces hygroscopicus is a potent antibiotic known for its effectiveness against a broad spectrum of Gram-negative bacteria and certain Gram-positive strains. This compound is particularly valued in microbiological research and biotechnology for its ability to selectively inhibit protein synthesis, making it an essential tool in the study of gene expression and function. Hygromycin B is widely used in molecular biology laboratories for the selection of genetically modified organisms, especially in plant and mammalian cell systems, where it serves as a reliable marker for successful transformation.

In addition to its applications in research, Hygromycin B has potential therapeutic implications, particularly in the development of new antibiotics and treatments for bacterial infections. Its unique mechanism of action, which disrupts ribosomal function, sets it apart from other antibiotics, offering a promising avenue for combating antibiotic resistance. Researchers and industry professionals can leverage Hygromycin B's properties to enhance their studies and develop innovative solutions in microbial genetics and pharmaceutical development.